Abstract
PICO question
 In calves <14 days old which are moderately to severely dehydrated (5–9%) or acidaemic (base excess -5 to -15 mM), does intraperitoneal fluid therapy result in comparable or superior clinical improvement when compared to intravenous fluid therapy?
 Clinical bottom line
 Only two studies were identified, and these studies provide insufficient evidence that intraperitoneal (IP) fluid is comparable to, or provides superior clinical improvement, when compared to intravenous (IV) fluid therapy in moderately to severely dehydrated (5–9 %) or acidaemic calves (base excess -5 to -15 mM) aged < 14 days of age. Given the lower expected non-clinical costs of IP fluids relative to IV fluids (labour and time) we suggest further studies are required to investigate the safety and clinical benefits of IP fluid administration in calves for this purpose.
 
Highlights
Intervention details: Calves were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: o IV fluid treatment group (n = 27) o IP fluid treatment group (n = 28)
Given the lower expected non-clinical costs of IP fluids relative to IV fluids we suggest studies to investigate the safety and clinical benefits of IP fluid administration in calves for this purpose are needed
We propose that IP fluids might be used earlier than intravenous fluid therapy in dehydrated acidaemic calves due to the lower non-clinical costs
Summary
Allan Gunn BVM&S, MANZCVS, DACT, MRCVS 1* Timothy Crawshaw BVetMed, MSc 1 Victoria Brookes BVM&S, MANZCVS, PhD, MRCVS 1. Clinical bottom line Category of research question Treatment The number and type of study designs reviewed Two papers were critically reviewed (one randomised clinical trial and one case series) Strength of evidence Weak evidence relevant to the topic question Outcomes reported Statistically significant differences were not found between treatment groups (administration of intravenous fluids [n = 27] or intra-peritoneal fluids [n = 28]) in the clinical trial, and findings relevant to the topic question were not reported in the case series of 18 calves Conclusion These studies provide insufficient evidence that intraperitoneal (IP) fluid is comparable to, or provides superior clinical improvement, when compared to intravenous (IV) fluid therapy in moderately to severely dehydrated (5–9 %) or acidaemic calves (base excess -5 to -15 mM) aged < 14 days of age. These studies do not provide evidence that IP fluids lead to comparable or superior clinical improvement when compared to IV fluid therapy in moderately to severely dehydrated or acidaemic calves
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