Instruments that assess functioning in individuals with temporomandibular disorders and the International Classification of Functioning: systematic review

Abstract

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to study the tools used to measure functioning in individuals with temporomandibular disorders and verify its consistency with the model of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF), Disability and Health. CONTENTS: Systematic review performed in the databases Pubmed, PEDro, Scielo, Bireme, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Scopus. Published clinical trials from 2001 to 2019, in Portuguese, English and Spanish were included, with one of the outcomes being the evaluation of functioning of people with temporomandibular disorders. For the evaluation of the quality of the articles, the GRADE Checklist was used. The questionnaires were analyzed, and their questions coded according to the domains of the ICF. 425 articles were found and, after screening, 7 of them were included in this research. In these, 4 different instruments used to evaluate the functioning of people with temporomandibular disorders were found: Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire, Pain Disability Index and the 11-point functional impairment scale. The frequency of ICF’s domains was: body functions (39.8%), body structure (22.8%), activity (17.7%), health condition (8.86%), personal factors (6.8%), participation (2.88), environmental factors (1.03%). CONCLUSION: The studies related to functioning in the temporomandibular disorder population is still scarce. Moreover, the instruments used fail to address the domains of the ICF in a homogeneous way, and some do not address the whole conceptual model, with an emphasis on gathering information about body functions and structures.