Abstract
In 1768, six years after France transferred Louisiana to Spain through diplomatic means and two years after the Spanish took physical possession of the province, the elite French Creole planters and merchants in and around New Orleans rose up and threw out the few Spaniards sent to administer the colony. Spain, however, sent an occupying army to Louisiana from Cuba the following year, initiating more than three decades of peaceful rule. In December 1803, newly appointed territorial governor William C. C. Claiborne took possession of Louisiana for the United States in a ceremony held in New Orleans. Unlike the familiar monarchist, Catholic Spain that the French Creoles had rebelled against previously, the United States was a predominantly Protestant nation dedicated to representative government. Claiborne understood that to calm the fears of the conservative Catholic French Creole majority, he needed to move slowly in imposing the American system in the province....
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