Abstract
ABSTRACT Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) is well-known for its distinct flavor and texture as well as its medicinal and nutritional properties. Small good grade fresh shiitake mushrooms are highly perishable and have a low commodity value in the Taiwan market. As a result, these are frequently used as raw materials for vacuum-fried crisps. However, manufacturers continue to use traditional maltose (MO) syrup with no functional properties as a sweetener, and shiitake stipes are frequently discarded, increasing production costs. Isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) is a functional oligosaccharide sweetener with health benefits. The purpose of this research is to study the use of functional IMO in the processing of shiitake crisps to replace MO, and the reusability of stipes. In the manufacture of vacuum-fried shiitake cap and stipe crisps, the 30–40°Brix IMO syrup replaces the 35°Brix MO syrup. Vacuum-fried crisps’ quality characteristics were determined using physicochemical and sensory evaluation. The results showed that centrifuged caps and stipes reach equilibrium after 3 h of being soaked in various concentrations of 90–95°C syrup. The L*, a*, b*, h*, and c* values for the cap crisps decreased with the increase in the level of IMO syrup. The breaking force for the stipe crisps was less than that for cap crisps. The crude protein and crude fat content of vacuum-fried cap and stipe crisps decreased as the level of IMO syrup increased, but the carbohydrate content increased. For a nine-point hedonic test, the sensory scores for cap and stipe crisps without seasoning powder were 6.9–7.4 and 6.1–6.5, respectively. Addition of seasoning powder increased the flavor and overall scores to 8.1–8.2 and 7.2–7.4, respectively. Overall, the addition of IMO syrup reduced the calories and increased the health benefits of vacuum-fried shiitake crisps. Furthermore, the result showed that stipes can also be used to make vacuum-fried crisps and increase profitability for manufacturers.
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