Abstract

The instrumental analysis of lithic materials is a useful method for identifying source locations for stones that were employed by people around the world, and source data have been employed to address a wide range of important archaeological research issues. The analytical methods and instruments that archaeologists employ to identify sources for tool raw materials are similar to those used in geological research. These include such approaches as stable isotope analysis, ultraviolet florescence, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS), particle‐induced X‐ray emission (PIXE), thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), and X‐ray fluorescence (XRF).

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