Instrument’s Reliability and Validity for Evaluating the Nursing Risk Assessment of Acute Kidney Injury tools for the Surgical Department: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is common but is often under-recognized. Delayed diagnosis may lead to patients’ increased morbidity and mortality. AKI is fully established with various guideline but remained lacking in early detection through knowledge, understanding, assessment, and poor identification. High incidence and mortality rate of AKI in Malaysia could be assumed to be due to inadequate early nursing assessment and intervention. Hence an education programme for nurses with valid and reliable tools need to be developed. The aim of this study to develop a valid and reliable research tools for nursing risk assessment education programme in the detection of AKI from surgical patients. The tools were developed within four phases. Phase 1, the development of instruments through research and literature review. Phase 2, the validity process. The tools were submitted for relevancy and validation by expert panels. Phase 3, a pilot study conducted to test the instruments and phase 4 involved analyzing the tools. Two types of research tools developed in the study. Type 1: The Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of AKI questionnaire and Type 2: The Nursing Risk Assessment AKI form. Overall Content Validity Index value for type 1 instrument was 0.96 and type 2 instrument was 0.95 indicating adequate standard of acceptability. Overall Cronbach’s Alpha value was at 0.81. KAP of AKI questionnaire and the Nursing Risk Assessment AKI form are valid tools to assess nurses KAP level and the early detection of patients at risk of AKI respectively.