INSTITUTE OF PARLIAMENTARISM IN THE CONTEXT OF CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

The article attempts to study the development and current state of the institute of parliamentarism of Kazakhstan in the context of the constitutional reforms carried out. The main historical stages of its development from 1991 to 1995 are ana-lyzed. The essence of the concept of parliamentarism in the narrow and broad senses of the word is considered, and several groups of scientists with different points of view on the position of parliamentarism are also identified in the course of the study. The constitu-tional foundations of the Kazakh institute of parliamentarism are revealed. The various reasons for the adoption of the new Basic Law in 1995, as well as the shortcomings of the previous Constitution, which led to a protracted parliamentary crisis, are analyzed. The paper defines the 5 stages of the development of independent Kazakh parliamentarism. The article describes in detail the 3 main constitutional reforms carried out in the Re-public of Kazakhstan in 2007, 2017 and 2022, in terms of their impact on the process of improving the institution of parliamentarism. In the process of researching these reforms, the new functions and powers of the parliament to strengthen control over the government of the country are considered. The constitutional novel in the history of Kazakhstan, which establishes the limitation of the terms of office of the President of the Republic from two 5-year to one 7-year term, which undoubtedly affects the parliament, increasing its responsibility for the fate of the country, is analyzed, international experience is studied, according to which it is concluded that in such a developed country as the Republic of Korea such a constitutional mechanism is functioning successfully, and the country is consistently developing with a strong parliament along the democratic path.