Instant Preparation of Ultraclean Gold Nanothorns under Ambient Conditions for SERS Kit-Enabled Mobile Diagnosis.

Abstract

Availability of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with good stability, high sensitivity, and a clean surface is crucial for the practical usefulness of the SERS technology in biochemical sensing, especially for point-of-care testing (POCT). Hereby, we develop a "ready-to-use" SERS kit, which requires only 20 s to fabricate ultraclean gold nanothorn (AuNT)-based SERS chips under ambient conditions with simple solution processing steps. By varying the thickness of the pre-coated platinum (Pt) nanolayer, we can control the size and number density of the grown AuNT. Taking advantage of the ultraclean surface of the instantly obtained fresh AuNT, Raman reporter molecules can also be immediately modified, by means of which specific detection of three analytes including H2O2, NO2-, and ClO- is realized. Furthermore, we propose the concept of an SERS kit and apply it to smartphone-based Raman analysis for POCT applications. This on-site preparation method solves the long-standing challenges hindering the practical use of SERS substrates, such as complicated fabrication processes, interference of residual surfactants, poor surface stability, and easy contamination. Besides performing SERS analysis conveniently and quickly, this SERS kit-enabled POCT technology can integrate remote data terminals and medical resources, which shows great potential for environmental protection or online-healthcare systems.