Abstract
In vertical gaps between electrode and membrane, the smooth upward flow of the gas–liquid dispersion near the electrode in the form of a bubble street may be upset under certain conditions. At a certain channel height, a downward flow develops near the membrane resulting in a more or less uniform distribution of gas bubbles over the whole cross-sectional area. The controlling conditions of the conversion of the regular bubble street flow into irregular downward flow were analysed quantitatively in a previous theoretical model, the results of which are now compared with experimental data confirming the theory. The experimental data are further used to derive a relationship for the distribution of the volume fraction of gas.
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