Instability of mercury in specimens of human urine for external quality assessment

Abstract

An under-recovery of inorganic mercury added to urine and a wide range of results is observed in quality assessment schemes (EQAS) for trace elements. Further- more, the under-recoveries are inconsistent suggesting features associated with the urine matrix may make the mercury unavailable for measurement. To investigate the instability of mercury in urine the following experiments were set up: (1) a sample of Hg 2? in water with various 'stabilizers' added was sent to UK external quality assessment scheme participants. (2) Urine was collected from volunteers who also completed a 3-day food diary. Hg, Ca, Mg, Se, uric acid, phosphate, creatinine, reducing substances and protein were measured. Inorganic mercury was spiked into the urine, stabilizers were added and the mercury determined following storage. The results con- firmed under-recovery of mercury in association with the urine matrix. Further investigations of how urinary com- ponents affect the measurement of mercury are necessary.