Abstract
IntroductionCardiac surgery is a highly complex procedure which generates worsening of lung function and decreased inspiratory muscle strength. The inspiratory muscle training becomes effective for muscle strengthening and can improve functional capacity.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle training on functional capacity submaximal and inspiratory muscle strength in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.MethodsThis is a clinical randomized controlled trial with patients undergoing cardiac surgery at Instituto Nobre de Cardiologia. Patients were divided into two groups: control group and training. Preoperatively, were assessed the maximum inspiratory pressure and the distance covered in a 6-minute walk test. From the third postoperative day, the control group was managed according to the routine of the unit while the training group underwent daily protocol of respiratory muscle training until the day of discharge.Results50 patients, 27 (54%) males were included, with a mean age of 56.7±13.9 years. After the analysis, the training group had significant increase in maximum inspiratory pressure (69.5±14.9 vs. 83.1±19.1 cmH2O, P=0.0073) and 6-minute walk test (422.4±102.8 vs. 502.4±112.8 m, P=0.0031).ConclusionWe conclude that inspiratory muscle training was effective in improving functional capacity submaximal and inspiratory muscle strength in this sample of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Highlights
Cardiac surgery is a highly complex procedure which generates worsening of lung function and decreased inspiratory muscle strength
We conclude that inspiratory muscle training was effective in improving functional capacity submaximal and inspiratory muscle strength in this sample of patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Patients who did not understand the techniques used were excluded from the study, in addition to those who refused to participate, those who presented hemodynamic instability during evaluations or performance of inspiratory muscle training, and those who have complications and readmitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Summary
Cardiac surgery is a highly complex procedure which generates worsening of lung function and decreased inspiratory muscle strength. The inspiratory muscle training becomes effective for muscle strengthening and can improve functional capacity. Cardiac surgery is a procedure performed in patients with cardiovascular disease. Various complications that will require specific care, especially in the respiratory system, can be observed. These complications can lengthen the hospital stay of patients, causing increased hospital costs and becoming an important cause of morbidity and mortality[1]. Recent studies have shown that early mobilization, such as withdrawal of bed and walking, improves the functional status of the patient, reducing the length of hospital stay. The physical therapy should be applied daily in patients, ensuring their motor recovery[2,3]
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