Insomnia complaints and associated factors in Georgian population

Abstract

Insomnia is one of the most common of all sleep disorders. The prevalence rate of insomnia is not well described in Georgian population. The present study was aimed to examine the prevalence of insomnia and associated factors in the population of two largest cities of Georgia – Tbilisi and Kutaisi. 304 subjects from Tbilisi (mean age 37.07 ± 10.73, 67.4% female) and 91 subjects from Kutaisi (39.4 ± 10.8, 67.1% female) were surveyed. Participants completed Insomnia Severity index (ISI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck depression inventory, short form (BDI SF), and STOP BANG questionnaire. Socio-demographic data and self evaluation of the overall health status were also obtained. Pearson chi-square tests were used to examine associations between ISI and sleep, health and socio-demographic variables. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the relationship between insomnia status and potential predictors. 33.2% of Tbilisi population had sub threshold insomnia, 9.5% moderate insomnia, and 1.3% severe insomnia. Mean ISI score was 7.42 ± 5.3. ISI score was significantly correlated with PSQI global score, BDI, health, education level, economic status, ESS and OSA severity. In Kutaisi population, 34.1% had sub threshold insomnia, 8.8% moderate insomnia, and 1.1% severe insomnia. Mean ISI score in Kutaisi sample was 7.13 ± 5.3 and was significantly correlated with PSQI global score, BDI, ESS and health. Multiple regression analyses shows that moderate to severe insomnia is predicted by depression symptoms ( β = 0.309, p = .000) and overall health status ( β = −.229 p = 0.000) in Tbilisi population. For Kutaisi sample only BDI score was the significant predictor ( β = −.220 p = 0.048). This study provides evidence that insomnia complaints are high in Georgian population. Further analyses with more subjects involved are needed to evaluate insomnia severity and its relation with health-related variables in Georgian population. Study supported by Swiss National Science Foundation, SCOPES, grant IZ74Z0_137415.