Abstract
The target of this work is to investigate and assess the utilization of the synthesized in-situ deposition of metal oxide nanoparticles such as nano-nickel oxide (nNiO), nanocopper oxides (nCuO) and nanoiron oxides (nFe3O4) in aminated cellulose (Acell), as a protected and compelling antibacterial channel of contamination from domestic wastewater. The prepared Acell and nNiO/Acell, nCuO/Acell and nFe3O4/Acell nanocomposites were characterized by field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area diffraction pattern (SAED) and X-ray diffraction techniques (XRD). TEM declared the synthesis of nNiO, nCuO and nFe3O4 with regular size of 10, 23 and 43 nm, correspondingly. The antibacterial impact of both nNiO/Acell, nCuO/Acell and nFe3O4/Acell nanocomposites was inspected against Gram-positive microorganisms (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative microbes (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi) utilizing agar disk diffusion routes. Furthermore, the ability of the synthesized nanocomposites as sterilizers for optional domestic wastewater was studied. The data for the disk diffusion obtained revealed that nFe3O4/Acell had a greater antibacterial impact than nCuO/Acell and nNiO/Acell. In addition, the purification of domestic wastewater utilizing 1.0 mg of nFe3O4, nCuO and nNiO in 1 gm of Acell was accomplished by killing 99.6%, 94.5% and 92.0% of total and fecal coliforms inside 10 mins, respectively.
Highlights
Due to the population growth and industrialization, the world faces a big challenge and serious concerns for suitable clean water
The characteristic bands at 3500–3000, 2894, 1428, 1027, 892 cm−1 are corresponding to the primary aminated cellulose spectrum as shown in Figure 1B, there is a similarity with the native the OH–stretching vibration, C–H stretching vibration, CH2 bending vibration, C–O–C pyranose ring cellulose spectrum, in the region which is corresponding to OH stretching vibration there is an increase vibration and C–O–C stretching of the β(1 → 4)-glycosidic linkage between the glucose units, in therespectively width of the peak which indicates the aminated stretching of the N–H
We studied the synthesis of in-situ depositions of novel nanocomposites based on primary aminated cellulose containing different nanometal oxide such as nCuO, nano-nickel oxide (nNiO) and NFe3 O4 using a co-precipitation route
Summary
Due to the population growth and industrialization, the world faces a big challenge and serious concerns for suitable clean water. The water disinfection process inactivates or kills pathogens prior to human consumption. The most global conventional disinfection processes are categorized into chemical and physical methods, including chlorination [2], ozonation [3] and UV irradiation [4]. Previous studies have proven that the formation of disinfection by-products (DBP) are carcinogenic and cannot be avoided globally when chlorine is added to water. As compared with the above two methods, UV irradiation is simple, but less vigorous due to it being ineffective in dark water [5]. The drawbacks of these methods encouraged researchers around the world to investigate and apply alternative materials to inactivate water microorganisms. Water treatment experts envisioned that the properties of an ideal disinfectant must be inexpensive, incapable of Polymers 2020, 12, 1834; doi:10.3390/polym12081834 www.mdpi.com/journal/polymers
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