Abstract
The biomass and quality of Pseudostellariae heterophylla suffers a significant decline under monoculture. Since rhizosphere miobiome plays crucial roles in soil health, deep pyrosequencing combined with qPCR was applied to characterize the composition and structure of soil bacterial community under monoculture and different amendments. The results showed compared with the 1st-year planted (FP), 2nd-year monoculture of P. heterophylla (SP) led to a significant decline in yield and resulted in a significant increase in Fusarium oxysporum but a decline in Burkholderia spp. Bio-organic fertilizer (MT) formulated by combining antagonistic bacteria with organic matter could significantly promote the yield by regulating rhizosphere bacterial community. However, organic fertilizer (MO) without antagonistic bacteria could not suppress Fusarium wilt. Multivariate statistics analysis showed a distinct separation between the healthy samples (FP and MT) and the unhealthy samples (SP and MO), suggesting a strong relationship between soil microbial community and plant performance. Furthermore, we found the application of bio-organic fertilizer MT could significantly increase the bacterial community diversity and restructure microbial community with relatively fewer pathogenic F. oxysporum and more beneficial Burkholderia spp. In conclusion, the application of novel bio-organic fertilizer could effectively suppress Fusarium wilt by enriching the antagonistic bacteria and enhancing the bacterial diversity.
Highlights
Pseudostellaria heterophylla, belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae, is highly valued in traditional Chinese medicine
The yields of P. heterophylla tuberous roots were detected under consecutive monoculture and bio-organic fertilizer application
When the 1-year cultivated plots were treated with the microbial fertilizer NO.2 (MT), the growth status of P. heterophylla greatly improved as compared with the 2nd-year monocultured plots (SP)
Summary
Pseudostellaria heterophylla, belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae, is highly valued in traditional Chinese medicine It provides cures for ailments including anorexia, spleen deficiency, and palpitations because of its various active components including saponins, polysaccharides, and cyclopeptides (Zhao W.O. et al, 2015). It is mainly produced in Ningde City, Fujian Province, Bioorganic Fertilizer Orchestrated Root Microbiome southeast China, which is known as a geo-authentic production zone with the most suitable soil and climate conditions for P. heterophylla. The market demand for P. heterophylla has forced farmers to plant the crop in fields outside of the geo-authentic production areas. It has become a priority to explore the mechanisms of consecutive monoculture problems, known as replant disease, and strategies to effectively control these problems in P. heterophylla
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