Abstract
Fifty-five accessions from the National New Zealand Flax Collection were subjected to genotyping using eight nuclear and two plastid simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and compared with a selection of predominantly wild Phormium plants. Several groups of plants with different names but identical SSR genotypes were found and these largely correspond with groups previously identified by analysis of their morphology. Maori cultivars are genetically diverse and include plants with interspecific (Phormium tenax × Phormium cookianum) hybrid origin. Genotyping supports historical and archaeological evidence that Phormium was taken to the subantarctic islands from southern New Zealand by sealers, and probably from the Chatham Islands by Maori and Moriori. As well as such tests of relatedness among Phormium selections, our markers provide opportunities to study the process of speciation, evolution and interspecific hybridization in Phormium.
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