Abstract
SLC4 transporters are involved in transport of Cl-, HCO3-, CO32-, Na+, H+, and NH3 through the membrane and are key for pH maintenance and ion homeostasis in the body. Despite their high sequence identity, the members of the family demonstrate an array of transport modes - Na+-dependent or independent transport, H+ and NH3 transport, Na+-anion symport, anion exchange and combinations thereof. Two structures of SLC4 transporters, the human anion exchanger 1 (AE1) and the human sodium carbonate electrogenic symporter 1 (NBCe1), have been previously resolved in their outward facing (OF) open state by X-Ray and cryo-EM, and putative binding sites have been determined from functional mutagenesis and computational modelling.
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