Abstract
BackgroundNeedle-free, painless and localized drug delivery has been a coveted technology in the area of biomedical research. We present an innovative way of trans-dermal vaccine delivery using a miniature detonation-driven shock tube device. This device utilizes~2.5 bar of in situ generated oxyhydrogen mixture to produce a strong shockwave that accelerates liquid jets to velocities of about 94 m/s.MethodOxyhydrogen driven shock tube was optimized for efficiently delivering vaccines in the intradermal region in vivo. Efficiency of vaccination was evaluated by pathogen challenge and host immune response. Expression levels of molecular markers were checked by qRT-PCR.ResultsHigh efficiency vaccination was achieved using the device. Post pathogen challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 100% survival was observed in vaccinated animals. Immune response to vaccination was significantly higher in the animals vaccinated using the device as compared to conventional route of vaccination.ConclusionA novel device was developed and optimized for intra dermal vaccine delivery in murine model. Conventional as well in-house developed vaccine strains were used to test the system. It was found that the vaccine delivery and immune response was at par with the conventional routes of vaccination. Thus, the device reported can be used for delivering live attenuated vaccines in the future.
Highlights
Needle-free, painless and localized drug delivery has been a coveted technology in the area of biomedical research
Post pathogen challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 100% survival was observed in vaccinated animals
It was found that the vaccine delivery and immune response was at par with the conventional routes of vaccination
Summary
Needle-free, painless and localized drug delivery has been a coveted technology in the area of biomedical research. We present an innovative way of trans-dermal vaccine delivery using a miniature detonation-driven shock tube device. This device utilizes~2.5 bar of in situ generated oxyhydrogen mixture to produce a strong shockwave that accelerates liquid jets to velocities of about 94 m/s. Subburaj et al Journal of Biological Engineering (2017) 11:48 the driving force to increase the rate of drug transport have been suggested [6, 7]. These techniques face major challenges due to the selectively permeable nature of the human skin and its ability to restrict molecular transport. Many of the techniques result in the accumulation of waste and production of harmful by-products during the detonation of mixtures
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