Insights into the illegal ivory trade and status of elephants in Togo, West Africa

Gabriel Hoinsoudé Segniagbeto,Thomas E.J Leuteritz,Luca Luiselli,Daniele Dendi,Julia E Fa,Kossi Thomas Agbodji

doi:10.1111/aje.12748

Abstract

AbstractIn Togo, the illegal trade of African elephant (Loxodonta africana) ivory is widespread despite efforts made by the government to curtail these activities. By using data gathered from CITES institutions and natural resource management authorities in the country, we investigated the extent of ivory trafficking in Togo. We also conducted surveys in villages around protected areas, which still contain elephant populations to assess the species’ current status in the country. Our surveys indirectly corroborated that there are probably no more than 150 elephants collectively within the country's protected areas, most of them in the Fazao‐Malfakassa National Park. We also estimated that a minimum of 41.65 tons of ivory (elephant tusks and carved objects) was intercepted in Togo between 2008 and 2018. Despite the fact that presently illegal elephant hunting is unlikely in Togo, we show that this country is the entry point for ivory from Central Africa (Cameroon and Gabon). We maintain that Togo's position as an intermediary country in the illegal ivory trade is a tangible threat to elephants throughout their range countries and is also likely to affect the dwindling population of these animals in the country if adequate enforcement is not implemented.

Highlights

Luca Luiselli, Institute for Development, Ecology, Conservation and Cooperation (IDECC), via G
We interviewed a total of 410 persons in the 20 localities bordering the four protected areas in the country where elephants are known to be present (Table 1, Supplementary materials)
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) only recognises one species (Loxodonta africana), on the ground two species or subspecies are widely recognized, we present data on the two taxa here

Summary

Introduction

Luca Luiselli, Institute for Development, Ecology, Conservation and Cooperation (IDECC), via G. In Togo, the illegal trade of African elephant (Loxodonta africana) ivory is widespread despite efforts made by the government to curtail these activities. We conducted surveys in villages around protected areas, which still contain elephant populations to assess the species’ current status in the country. Despite the fact that presently illegal elephant hunting is unlikely in Togo, we show that this country is the entry point for ivory from Central Africa (Cameroon and Gabon). We maintain that Togo’s position as an intermediary country in the illegal ivory trade is a tangible threat to elephants throughout their range countries, and is likely to affect the dwindling population of these animals in the country if adequate enforcement is not implemented.

Objectives

Findings

Conclusion