Abstract
Road pavement is one of the most important components of road structure. Long-term monitoring changes in the state of road pavement under real conditions of load and climate allows to determine surface degradation mechanisms, select sustainable road building materials and their mixes, rationally employ asphalt paving technologies, and improve quality control. For a number of years, road pavement structures have been studied that should best meet the Lithuanian climate conditions and withstand the increasing impact of vehicle load. Thus, for that purpose, specially designed, constructed and tested roads or road sections for different pavement structures are most appropriate. One of those was constructed in 2007. The experimental road (hereinafter, the Test Road) consisted of 27 different pavement structures (PSs) produced of various materials. The study aims to evaluate the effect of different materials on variations in the bearing capacity of the pavement structure (PS), the sustainability of the structure, and the formation of ruts in 2007–2018. In this way, difference in bearing capacity, rutting depth between sections, and loaded and unloaded lanes was estimated. Further, the statistical analysis of these factors was conducted. Investigations have shown that the minimum bearing capacity of 754 MPa established after 11 years did not affect the formation of rut depth that was less than 1.0 cm. The PSs covered with the used asphalt granules, a larger asphalt base course on gravel, the sand mix base course, and granite aggregate mixed with sand base course were accepted as one of the PSs with the highest bearing capacity with PSs exceeding 929 MPa. The bearing capacity of the PS containing a 20 cm aggregate base course is on average higher by 30 MPa than PS holding a 15 cm aggregate base course.
Highlights
Scientists have been studying pavement structures (PSs), materials used for their installation for many years [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
Investigations have shown that the minimum bearing capacity of 754 MPa established after 11 years did not affect the formation of rut depth that was less than 1.0 cm
During the 11 years of operation, 5.63 million vehicles passed the Test Road in that number 1.07 million vehicles consisted of the heavy volume
Summary
Scientists have been studying PS, materials used for their installation (their mechanical and physical properties) for many years [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Coatings 2020, 10, 1161 was created in 2007—The Test Road [17], and is still operating and under investigation covering the following types of measurement like traffic monitoring, temperature and moisture content at a different depth of the road PS, roughness, rutting, longitudinal gradient and cross fall, visual assessment of distress on the road PS, deflection, and skid resistance Geologists mine these materials in Lithuania, i.e., sand, gravel, granite, limestone, clay, sapropel, dolomite, peat, oil, and fresh and mineral groundwater [20]. The study is aimed at evaluating strain behavior in asphalt base course, bearing capacity, and rut formation during the road exploitation period in 2007–2018, in PSs constructed with the different materials. The selected five PSs with the highest bearing capacity were suggested widely to apply for Lithuanian roads and streets (during construction and reconstruction process) when design load A ranges from 1.8 to 3.0 million
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