Insight into the mechanism of urea inhibit ovalbumin-glucose glycation by conventional spectrometry and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry

Abstract

The inhibition effect of urea on ovalbumin (OVA) glycation was investigated, and the mechanism was evaluated through the changes in protein structure as well as glycation sites and average degree of substitution per peptide molecule (DSP) by conventional spectrometry and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). A urea concentration of 3 M was chosen as the optimum condition. Ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra suggested that both glycation and urea treatment could unfold the OVA, but urea inhibited the glycation-induced protein unfolding. Circular dichroism spectra showed that urea treatment could increase the β-sheet content and reduce the α-helix content of OVA. LC-HRMS indicated that the number of glycation sites was reduced from 15 to 3, and DSP values decreased with urea treatment. In conclusion, urea could significantly inhibit the OVA-glucose glycation, and the sites competition as well as structure unfolding inhibition resulted from urea could be the main factors.