Insight into mechanics of externally indeterminate hardwood–concrete composite beams

Abstract

This paper presents tests on beech LVL–concrete slab composite connections and externally indeterminate beams using connectors comprising fully threaded (FT), small-headed screws or partially threaded (PT), large-headed screws in X-formation. A test was devised to quantify connection characteristics in fully cracked concrete (applicable to hog zones of the beams). Relative to the FT-based connections, the PT-based connections were of greater strength, nonlinearity and flexibility in compression concrete, and weaker, less stiff but more ductile in tension concrete. One composite beam exhibited 22% redistribution of support reaction at 88% of the failure load. Failure occurred primarily at the connections, which then gradually led to fracture of the LVL as a secondary mode of failure.