Abstract
This report focuses on studying generation and/or evolution of sea-salt aerosols (SSA) on basis of measurements in the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO), the marginal seas of China, at sea-beach sites and a semi-urban coastal site in 2012–2015. From measurements in the NWPO, we obtained the smallest generation function of the super-micron SSA mass ([MSSA]) by the local wind comparing to those previously reported. Vessel-caused wave-breaking was found to greatly enhance generation of SSA and increase [MSSA], which was subject to non-natural generation of SSA. However, naturally enhanced generation of SSA was indeed observed in the marginal seas and at the sea-beach site. The two enhancement mechanisms may explain the difference among this and previous studies. Size distributions of super-micron SSA exhibited two modes, i.e., 1–2 μm mode and ~5 μm mode. The 1–2 μm mode of SSA was enhanced more and comparable to the ~5 μm mode under the wind speed >7 m/s. However, the smaller mode SSA was largely reduced from open oceans to sea-beach sites with reducing wind speed. The two super-micron modes were comparable again at a semi-urban coastal site, suggesting that the smaller super-micron mode SSA may play more important roles in atmospheres.
Highlights
The mass concentration of sea-salt aerosols (SSA) (MSSA) measured in open oceans was reported to depend mainly on the local surface wind stress[25]
We focus on the analysis of mass concentration of SSA (MSSA) in super-micron particles afterwards
It was obvious that the super-micron SSA can be classified into two categories with different responses to the measured wind speed
Summary
This report focuses on studying generation and/or evolution of sea-salt aerosols (SSA) on basis of measurements in the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO), the marginal seas of China, at sea-beach sites and a semi-urban coastal site in 2012–2015. From measurements in the NWPO, we obtained the smallest generation function of the super-micron SSA mass ([MSSA]) by the local wind comparing to those previously reported. The mass concentration of SSA (MSSA) measured in open oceans was reported to depend mainly on the local surface wind stress[25]. We launched several field campaigns to measure mass or volume size distributions of SSA in the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO), the Yellow Sea (YS) and the Bohai Sea (BS), at sea-beach sites, and a semi-urban coastal site of Qingdao during different periods in 2012–2015 (Details can be found in Methods section).
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