Insertion of unnatural metal ligand in the heme pocket of nitrophorin through protein semi-synthesis: Toward biomimicking binuclear active sites

Abstract

Herein, we report a semi-synthetic strategy affording a nitrophorin 2 (NP2) variant with a N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (Dpa) ligand as sidechain selectively installed at position 27, which was assembled from a synthetic peptide thioester bearing the Dpa ligand and an expressed protein segment via native chemical ligation. The semi-synthetic NP2 was able to accept the natural heme b cofactor and the Dpa ligand was able to bind Cu(II)/Fe(III) ions, leading to heteronuclear active site.