Insectos fitófagos asociados al cultivo de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) en invierno y sus controladores biológicos

Abstract

The presence of main phytophagous insects and their natural enemies has been recorded in quinoa crop (Chenopodium quinoa) as well as the percentage of infestation and parasitism in phytophagous insects in La Molina, from June 21st through September 27th, 2014. Survey was performed using pitfall traps, plant organ evaluation, aerial net, and mined leaves collection in the mid third of the plant. Five important phytophagous species were recorded, Liriomyza huidobrensis, Prodiplosis longifila, Myzus persicae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae and Frankliniella occidentalis. L. huidobrensis and P. longifila were the most important. The most important biological controllers due to their abundance and frequency were Halticoptera arduine, Chrysocharis sp. A, Diglyphus sp. A as parasitoids of L. huidobrensis, and Aphidius colemani as parasitoid of aphids, mainly affecting M. persicae. The following predators were also recorded, Chrysotus sp. A, Chrysotus sp. B, Blennidus peruvianus and Rhinacloa pallidipes. The outcomes of this study will serve as a basis for future research on quinoa pests, as well as for professionals who work on integrated pest management in this crop.