Insecticide Seed Treatments Reduced Crop Injury from Flumioxazin, Chlorsulfuron, Saflufenacil, Pyroxasulfone, and Flumioxazin + Pyroxasulfone + Chlorimuron in Soybean

N R Steppig,G M Lorenz,R C Scott,J K Norsworthy

doi:10.1155/2018/9107549

N R Steppig, G M Lorenz + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9107549

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Abstract

With increased instances of weed resistance to applications of postemergence herbicides, the use of soil-applied herbicides that offer residual activity is becoming popular. Unfortunately, under some conditions, the use of residual herbicides can result in unintentional injury to crops. However, there are a number of ways to reduce these risks, including the use of in-crop herbicide safeners. Based on previous research conducted on rice, the potential may exist for crop injury from certain soil-applied herbicides to be reduced (safened) in seeds treated with insecticides. Field trials were conducted in Marianna, Arkansas, in 2015 and 2016, and near Colt, Arkansas, in 2016, to explore this possibility in soybean. Soybean seeds were treated with the insecticide thiamethoxam and subsequently the herbicides metribuzin, saflufenacil, pyroxasulfone, sulfentrazone, chlorimuron, flumioxazin, flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone + chlorimuron, mesotrione, and chlorsulfuron were applied immediately after planting. Of the nine herbicides evaluated, the insecticide reduced crop injury for flumioxazin, chlorsulfuron, saflufenacil, pyroxasulfone, and flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone + chlorimuron. The highest degree of injury reduction was seen 1 week after emergence (WAE) at Marianna, where injury from flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone + chlorimuron was reduced from 15% to 5%. Based on the results from this study, the insecticide seed treatment thiamethoxam may have the potential to safen soybean to applications of some soil-applied herbicides.

Highlights

Herbicide use in the US is a vital component of agriculture production
Injury from flumioxazin was reduced at Lon Mann Cotton Research Station (LMCRS) (2016) at 1 and 2 weeks after emergence (WAE), where thiamethoxam reduced injury from 13% at both evaluation timings to 8% and 5% at 1 and 2 week after emergence (WAE), respectively (Table 2)
The highest level of injury reduction occurred at LMCRS (2016), where injury was reduced 1 WAE from 15% to 5% when treated with thiamethoxam (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Herbicide use in the US is a vital component of agriculture production. Gianessi and Reigner [1] estimate that herbicide use provides a labor equivalent of 70 million hand laborers and increases crop yields as much as 20%. The introduction of herbicide-resistant (HR) crops has significantly improved the efficiency of crop production, both in the US and globally [2]. Beginning with the introduction of glyphosate-resistant soybean in 1996, the widespread adoption of HR crops provided growers with the ability to effectively control a broad spectrum of weeds by utilizing just one or two postemergence (POST) applications of a herbicide with a single mode of action [3]. This approach resulted in weeds that were resistant to those control strategies [4]. In order to effectively combat herbicide resistance, the use of herbicides with residual activity is recommended [6, 7]

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