Abstract
Green synthesizednanoparticles have been studied as newand more effective biopesticides against insects of medical importance and thisfor their eco-friendly aspects. In the current study Moringa oleiferaleaf extract (Mo-LE) was used to synthesis silver nanoparticles (Mo-AgNPs) andzinc oxide nanoparticles (Mo-ZnONPs). Low concentrations of Mo-LE, Mo-AgNPs andMo-ZnONPs showed the larvicidal and pupicidal toxicityagainst Musca domestica. In larvicidal bioassay, the values of LC50were 16.50, 2.03 and 6.41 mg/ml for Mo-LE, Mo-AgNPs andMo-ZnONPs,respectively. In addition, the LC50 was determined against pupae,which were129.77, 9.604 and 17.10 mg/ml for Mo-LE, Mo-AgNPs andMo-ZnONPs,respectively. Moreover, treatment larvae with LC50's of Mo-LE, Mo-AgNPs andMo-ZnONPsproduced a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the fecundity of femaleand a highly significant reduction (P<0.01) in the egg hatchability.The total protein content and activities of nonspecific esterases, acetylcholine esterase, and glutathione S-transferase enzymes were significantly declined afterlarvae had fed on LC50 Mo-AgNPs andMo-ZnONPstreated diets as compared with the control. This study indicates that it isfeasible to use M. oleifera synthesized nanoparticles as effective candidates to develop newer and cheapcontrol tools for immature stages of M. domestica.
Highlights
Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) is a vector and resource insect (Abbas et al 2014; Bahrndorff et al 2014; Barin et al 2010)
MoAgNPS was more effective than Mo-zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and M. oleifera leaf extract (Mo-LE) against 1st instar larvae with LC50 values were 2.03, 6.41 and 16.50 mg/ml respectively
An attempt was made in the present study to test the efficacy of M. oleifera leaf extract synthesized silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles to control housefly
Summary
Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) is a vector and resource insect (Abbas et al 2014; Bahrndorff et al 2014; Barin et al 2010). (Diptera: Muscidae) is a vector and resource insect (Abbas et al 2014; Bahrndorff et al 2014; Barin et al 2010). This insect is distributed worldwide and highly adaptable to various environments. The control of houseflies largely depends on chemical insecticides. The imprudent application of chemical insecticides resulted in many problems such as insecticide resistance in the insect and negative impact on non-target organisms including man (Acevedo et al.2009; Hemingway & Ranson 2000; Naqqash et al 2016).
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