Abstract
Essential oil from the leaves of Aegle marmelos was investigated for their larvicidal, ovicidal, adulticidal and repellent properties against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Essential oil was extracted from the fresh leaves by hydro distillation method. Different concentrations of the oil were applied against different developmental stages of both the mosquito species. The result of different bioassay showed various responses between the species. The essential oil showed higher efficacy as larvicidal and adulticidal agent against Cx. quinquefasciatus (LC50=121.88ppm against larva and 121.50ppm against adult at 72 hour exposure) while as ovicidal and repellent agent, the essential oil showed higher efficacy against Ae. aegypti with LC50 value 278.82ppm at 72 hour and 1 hour of protection time respectively. Therefore, it can be inferred that this essential oil is a potential one which could further be used as mosquitocidal agent against both the mosquito species. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of β- terpinyl acetate, 5- isopropenyl-2- methyl-7-oxabicyclo (4.1.0) hepten-2-ol and 2,3-pinanediol as major probable constituents of the oil which might play major role against insecticidal activities of the plant oil.
Highlights
Mosquitoes are medically important insects and are considered as major public health pests as they transmit many dreadful diseases to humans and other warm blooded vertebrates [1]
Screening of the efficacy of essential oils was done by performing bioassay studies against different developmental stages of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus
In case of Cx. quinquefasciatus, adults were more susceptible to this oil as it showed LC50 value 288.56 ppm, 164.67ppm and 121.50ppm respectively at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours (Table-6).The survivability of adults after 24 hour, 48hour and 72 hour of treatment is presented in table -5
Summary
Mosquitoes are medically important insects and are considered as major public health pests as they transmit many dreadful diseases to humans and other warm blooded vertebrates [1]. The search for alternative control measures other than synthetic insecticides that pose no or minimal risk to human health and the environment is extensively going on worldwide [5] From these points, plant based products mainly the extracts and essential oils can be safely included in the integrated mosquito control programme as alternative to chemical insecticide. Essential oils show a broad spectrum of activity against different plant pathogenic fungi ranging from insecticidal, antifeedant, repellent, oviposition deterrent, and insect. No elaborate studies of this plant essential oil was found to be assayed against all the developmental stages of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus.
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