Abstract
Major advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs) make citizens to be considered as sensors in motion. Carrying their mobile devices, moving in their connected vehicles or actively participating in social networks, citizens provide a wealth of information that, after properly processing, can support numerous applications for the benefit of the community. In the context of smart communities, the INRISCO [1] proposal intends for (i) the early detection of abnormal situations in cities (i.e., incidents), (ii) the analysis of whether, according to their impact, those incidents are really adverse for the community; and (iii) the automatic actuation by dissemination of appropriate information to citizens and authorities. Thus, INRISCO will identify and report on incidents in traffic (jam, accident) or public infrastructure (e.g., works, street cut), the occurrence of specific events that affect other citizens' life (e.g., demonstrations, concerts), or environmental problems (e.g., pollution, bad weather). It is of particular interest to this proposal the identification of incidents with a social and economic impact, which affects the quality of life of citizens.
Highlights
Nowadays citizens are seen as sensors in motion in the smart cities
Objective information is gathered through physical sensors set in their devices and in the smart city, whereas subjective information is gathered from opinions/comments posted on on-line social networks
For the Training phase, (i) in Fig. 3, the city model is obtained of-the-record previous to the detection phase, analysing the data from multiple days in the training set, by applying the following procedure for each one of the intervals in which we divided all the similar days: The specific methodology used in INRISCO to tune the value of the two parameters was detailed in [12], where we show that the algorithm is very sensitive to the appropriate selection of both parameters
Summary
Nowadays citizens are seen as sensors in motion in the smart cities. They produce a huge amount of information from their smart-phones that will continue to grow exponentially when smart connected vehicles become a reality in the roads. Unexpected situations which might have an impact in the citizens In this regard, INRISCO aims to effectively address two key issues: (i) early detection of incidents and (ii) quickly dissemination of warning information. Objective information is gathered through physical sensors set in their devices and in the smart city, whereas subjective information is gathered from opinions/comments posted on on-line social networks. The analysis of this massive amount of data (so-called Big Data) from structured and unstructured sources enables the early detection of unexpected situations as well as the estimation of their impact in the community.
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