Inpatient Mortality in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to estimate inpatient mortality rate for diabetes and identify its associated factors. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The population was comprised between January 1 and December 31, 2019 in 32 public hospitals in Portugal, using summary hospital discharge data. We used both the Disease-Related Diagnosis Groups and the Disease Staging. Patients were grouped into survivors and non-survivors, and inpatient mortality was compared using competing event regression. Results: A total of 7980 patients were admitted with type 2 diabetes mellitus, there were 747 (10.3%) non-survivors. The advanced age (OR = 1.772; 95% CI 1.625–1.932), the stage (3) severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR = 4.301; 95% CI 2.564–7.215), comorbid lung, bronchial or mediastinal malignant neoplasm (OR = 5.118; 95% CI 2.222–11.788), comorbid bacterial pneumonia (OR = 3.214; 95% CI 2.539–4.070), other respiratory system disorders (OR = 2.187; 95% CI 1.645–2.909), comorbid rhino-, adeno- and coronavirus infections (OR = 1.680; 95% CI 1.135–2.488) were determinants for inpatient mortality. Conclusions: Elderly patients with diabetes with micro- and macrovascular complications of the disease, who have bacterial pneumonia and who enter the emergency department are those who have a lower survival rate.