Inorganic Pollutants in South Algeria Waters and Treatment Options by Adsorption onto Clay

Abstract

The chemical quality of several water samples comprised groundwater from various aquifers and water dam, in Biskra area of South Algeria was investigated. Water samples were collected to monitor water chemistry of major ions and minor ions comprising inorganic pollutants such as fluoride, phosphates, nitrates and trace element as cadmium. The results showed a high salinity associated with an excessive hardness. The concentrations of many inorganic compounds are above the permissible limits for standard drinking water in almost water sources. The pollution is mainly attributed to a geological origin and an extensive use of fertilizers. Some water need adequate treatment to overcome inorganic pollution problem for drinking purpose. The adsorption of fluoride, nitrate, phosphate and cadmium ions onto Algerian bentonitic clay was studied in batch system. The results showed that sulphuric acid activated bentonite was more efficient than raw clay for fluoride, nitrate and phosphate removal. The results also revealed that cadmium adsorption was better with raw bentonite. The equilibrium data were confirmed using Langmuir isotherm model.