Abstract
Inorganic membrane science and technology is an attractive field of membrane separation technology, which has been dominated by polymer membranes. Recently, the inorganic membrane has been undergoing rapid development and innovation. Inorganic membranes have the advantage of resisting harsh chemical cleaning, high temperature and wear resistance, high chemical stability, long lifetime, and autoclavable. All of these outstanding properties made inorganic membranes good candidates to be used for water treatment and desalination applications. This paper is a state of the art review on the synthesis, development, and application of different inorganic membranes for water and wastewater treatment. The inorganic membranes reviewed in this paper include liquid membranes, dynamic membranes, various ceramic membranes, carbon based membranes, silica membranes, and zeolite membranes. A brief description of the different synthesis routes for the development of inorganic membranes for application in water industry is given and each synthesis rout is critically reviewed and compared. Thereafter, the recent studies on different application of inorganic membrane and their properties for water treatment and desalination in literature are critically summarized. It was reported that inorganic membranes despite their high synthesis cost, showed very promising results with high flux, full salt rejection, and very low or no fouling.
Highlights
Today, membrane-based separation processes are widely used in our day-to-day activities from the petrochemical, food, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, and in a range of environmental uses, including water treatment and desalination
Membrane technology is a cost effective and simple process that is widely used in the separation industries for different applications especially in water processes and applications of water treatment
This state of the art review has focused on the development stages of inorganic membranes in the separation industries with more focus on water treatment applications
Summary
Membrane-based separation processes are widely used in our day-to-day activities from the petrochemical, food, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, and in a range of environmental uses, including water treatment and desalination Their simplicity and cost efficiency compared to other conventional separation processes such as adsorption, absorption, or distillation have made them very popular and wide spread in their applications [1]. 40% of publications on the applications of inorganic membranes in water treatment and desalination in. A critical evaluation of the recent advances in the development of various inorganic membranes for water treatment applications and desalination are provided. This review inorganic membranes for water treatment applications and desalination are provided. Conclusions and future perspectives regarding the development the development of inorganic membranes for water treatment applications are provided.
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