Inorganic Agents for Enhanced Angiogenesis of Orthopedic Biomaterials.

Monika Šalandová,Iulian Apachitei,Amir A Zadpoor,Lidy E Fratila‐Apachitei,Ingmar A J Van Hengel,Bram C J Van Der Eerden

doi:10.1002/adhm.202002254

Monika Šalandová, Iulian Apachitei + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202002254

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Abstract

Aseptic loosening of a permanent prosthesis remains one of the most common reasons for bone implant failure. To improve the fixation between implant and bone tissue as well as enhance blood vessel formation, bioactive agents are incorporated into the surface of the biomaterial. This study reviews and compares five bioactive elements (copper, magnesium, silicon, strontium, and zinc) with respect to their effect on the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells (ECs) when incorporated on the surface of biomaterials. Moreover, it provides an overview of the state-of-the-art methodologies used for the in vitro assessment of the angiogenic properties of these elements. Two databases are searched using keywords containing ECs and copper, magnesium, silicon, strontium, and zinc. After applying the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 59 articles are retained for the final assessment. An overview of the angiogenic properties of five bioactive elements and the methods used for assessment of their in vitro angiogenic potential is presented. The findings show that silicon and strontium can effectively enhance osseointegration through the simultaneous promotion of both angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Therefore, their integration onto the surface of biomaterials can ultimately decrease the incidence of implant failure due to aseptic loosening.

Highlights

This study reviews and compares five bioactive elements with respect to their effect on the angiogenic behavior of endothelial to poor or delayed osseointegration of the permanent implants,[2,3] as it has been established that achieving osseointegration is a key prerequisite for implant stability and proper loading of the implant.[2,4,5]
An unsecured attachment can result in micromovements and subsequent generation of angiogenic properties of five bioactive elements and the methods used for wear debris, which may elicit an inflammaassessment of their in vitro angiogenic potential is presented
The findings show that silicon and strontium can effectively enhance osseointegration through the simultaneous promotion of both angiogenesis and osteogenesis

Summary

Introduction

This study reviews and compares five bioactive elements (copper, magnesium, silicon, strontium, and zinc) with respect to their effect on the angiogenic behavior of endothelial to poor or delayed osseointegration of the permanent implants,[2,3] as it has been established that achieving osseointegration is a key prerequisite for implant stability and proper loading of the implant.[2,4,5] Unsatcells (ECs) when incorporated on the surface of biomaterials It isfactory osseointegration is often associprovides an overview of the state-of-the-art methodologies used for the in vitro ated with the formation of fibrous tissue beassessment of the angiogenic properties of these elements. Introduction in hardness and wear resistance among available biomaterials resulting in minimal immune response, Despite the great technological advancements in total joint replacements (TJRs) over the past decades, implant failure remains which makes them extremely suitable for the fabrication of the articulating components of TJRs, such as femoral heads.[10,12]

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