Inoculation of Lactobacillus buchneri alone or with Bacillus subtilis and total losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological quality of sunflower silage

Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra,Euclides Reuter Oliveira,Erika Rosendo De Sena Gandra,Caio Seiti Takiya,Rafael Henrique Tonissi Buschineli De Goes,Kelly Mari Pires Oliveira,Karina Andrade Silveira,Hayne Mayume Cariolano Araki,Natyaro Duan Orbach,Dalila Nara Vasquez

doi:10.1080/09712119.2016.1249874

Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra, Euclides Reuter Oliveira + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2016.1249874

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Abstract

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of inoculation of Lactobacillus buchneri (L. buchneri) alone or with Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) on gas and effluent losses, chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of nutrients, aerobic stability, and microbiological quality of sunflower silage. A randomized experimental design was used, which contained 3 treatments, each one included 15 mini-silos. Mini-silos were distributed to the following treatments: (1) Control (CON), without inoculants; (2) L. buchneri alone (LB), inoculation at 2.6 × 1010 cfu/g; and (3) L. buchneri with B. subtilis (LB + BS), inoculation at 2.6 × 1010 cfu/g and 1 × 109 cfu/g with L. buchneri and B. subtilis, respectively. Treatments were applied at 2 g/t of fresh forage ensiled. Silages with microbial inoculants had lower DM content, and higher in vitro digestibility of DM and neutral detergent fibre than CON. Inoculants decreased the number of aerobic bacteria, mould, and yeast, and increased the counts of lactic acid bacteria in sunflower silage. L. buchneri exhibited positive effects on aerobic stability, in vitro digestibility of nutrients and decreased the counts of mould and yeast, but did not show a synergistic effect with B. subtilis on sunflower silage.

Highlights

The whole sunflower plant (Helianthus annuus L.) is an annual dicotyledonous of Compositae family native from North America and has been highlighted as an energy and protein dietary source for ruminants (Domingues et al 2010)
Mini-silos were distributed to the following treatments: (1) Control (CON), without inoculants; (2) L. buchneri alone (LB), inoculation at 2.6 × 1010 cfu/g; and (3) L. buchneri with B. subtilis (LB + BS), inoculation at 9 × 109 cfu/g and 1 × 109 cfu/g with L. buchneri and B. subtilis, respectively
The silages-treated LB had the highest value of total losses (% DM), those treated with LB + BS exhibited intermediate values, and CON, the lowest value of total losses (P = .033)

Summary

Introduction

The whole sunflower plant (Helianthus annuus L.) is an annual dicotyledonous (legume) of Compositae family native from North America and has been highlighted as an energy and protein dietary source for ruminants (Domingues et al 2010). The sunflower silage has higher levels of crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE; Bueno et al 2004; Goes et al 2012). Legume silages have a higher pH than corn or grass silages and take longer to ensile because of their high buffering capacity, especially because of their moderate levels of ammonia nitrogen (Rodrigues et al 2001). Efficient lactic acid bacteria may increase acidification rate, decreasing the final pH and reducing ammonia production from proteolysis in silages (Weinberg & Muck 1996; Driehuis et al 1997). Studies have shown that silage aerobic stability can be jeopardized by high concentrations of lactic acid (Weinberg et al 1993; Hu et al 2009)

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