Inoculation methods, aggressiveness of isolates and resistance of peach palm progenies to Phytophthora palmivora

Eduardo Jun Fuzitani,Edson Shigueaki Nomura,Antonio Nascim Kalil Filho,Erval Rafael Damatto Junior,Álvaro Figueredo Dos Santos

doi:10.1590/0100-5405/178476

Abstract

ABSTRACT Stem base rot (SBR) caused by Phytophthora palmivora is the main disease affecting peach palm in the nursery and in the field. This study aimed to: a) determine the most appropriate method for P. palmivora inoculation in peach palm; b) assess the aggressiveness of P. palmivora isolates; c) evaluate the resistance of peach palm progenies to P. palmivora. Experiments were carried out at “Embrapa Florestas” from March 2011 to March 2012. A descriptive rating scale was developed to assess SBR severity in peach palm. The disease severity was evaluated 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after inoculation. The conclusions were: a) injection at the stem base was the most effective method for P. palmivora inoculation; b) SA-5, SA-9, SA-10, SA-11, SA-14, SA-15, SA-16, SA-30 and SA-31 were the most aggressive P. palmivora isolates; and c) peach palm progenies T2, T4, T7, T9 and T15 showed resistance to P. palmivora.

Highlights

Podridão da Base do Estipe (PBE) causada por Phytophthora palmivora é a principal doença da pupunheira no viveiro e no campo
In Brazil, peach palm is native to the Amazon basin covering the states of Acre, Amazonas, Pará, Maranhão, Amapá, Roraima, Rondônia and northern Mato Grosso [11]
The peach palm has a large number of advantages like early yield, since its first harvest occurs within two years, and continued production, due to tiller formation, while for other palm species the first harvest can occur only after five years [10]

Summary

Introduction

Podridão da Base do Estipe (PBE) causada por Phytophthora palmivora é a principal doença da pupunheira no viveiro e no campo. Concluiu-se que: a) O método de injeção na base do estipe foi o mais efetivo para a inoculação de P. palmivora; b) Os isolados de P. palmivora: SA-5, SA9, SA-10, SA-11, SA-14, SA-15, SA-16, SA-30 e SA-31 foram os mais agressivos; e c) As progênies de pupunheiras T2, T4, T7, T9 e T15 mostraram resistência à P. palmivora. The expansion of peach palm cultivation for palm heart production, the lack of information and the inadequate crop management has furthered the occurrence of several plant problems both in the nurseries and in the field [15]. Stem base rot (SBR), caused by Phytophthora palmivora, frequently attacks young and old peach palm plants and is initially characterized by wilting and yellowing of the first open leaf and flag leaf [5]. The aims of the current study were: a) to determine the most appropriate method for inoculating P. palmivora in peach palm seedlings; b) to evaluate the aggressiveness of P. palmivora isolates in peach palm; and c) to evaluate the resistance of different peach palm progenies to P. palmivora

Objectives

Methods

Results