Innovative composite material for efficient and highly selective Pb(II) ion capturing from wastewater

Abstract

In the present study, highly porous composite material (PCM) was fabricated by novel ligand immobilization onto the silica monolith for Pb(II) ion detection and adsorption from wastewater by the solid-liquid separation method. The material was systematically characterized to know the material morphology and functional group. In addition, the Pb(II) capturing performance of PCM toward Pb(II) in aqueous media was explored. The PCM was enhanced the color upon addition of different concentration Pb(II) ion. The low-level limit detection was determined, and the value was 0.33 μg/L, which was lower than the permissible limit of Pb(II) ion in water. Factors affecting the adsorption of Pb(II) ion such as solution acidity, reaction time, initial Pb(II) concentration, competing ion and regeneration were investigated systematically in batch mode by the PCM. The solution pH was played the key role both in the detection and adsorption of Pb(II) ion. The pH dependent was exhibited due to the complexation bonding ability. The kinetic performance was rapid as the Pb(II) ion adsorption was equilibrated within short time, and this was confirmed the chemisorption process. The adsorption isotherm of Pb(II) onto PCM was well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm models as expected from the material homogeneity. In addition, the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 204.34 mg/g. The competing ions were not affected the Pb(II) detection or adsorption, and this were evident to the high selectivity toward the Pb(II) ion at the optimum condition. The adsorbed Pb(II) from PCM was desorbed with 0.15 M HCl and then simultaneously regenerated for next Pb(II) capturing process. Therefore, the proposed PCM can be considered as a potential material for Pb(II) ion detection and adsorption from the wastewater sample.