Innovative and best models of palliative and end-of-life care - with focus on rural and remote communities.

Abstract

The review aims to synthesize the most recent innovative models of palliative care being delivered in rural and remote locations. Worldwide, as the ageing population grows, more people will require palliative care. However, equal availability of high-quality palliative care services remains a significant challenge, particularly in rural and remote communities. Innovative models of palliative care have been developed to address the projected need of people in rural and remote areas. Models that leverage the use of digital healthcare (such as telecare and Artificial Intelligence), the non-specialized palliative care workforce (such as GPs, pharmacists, and family carers), and community driven approaches have demonstrated success in achieving positive palliative care outcomes, such as reduced physical and emotional distress, and family carers feeling more supported. There is a need to support people to remain within their rural and remote communities towards the end-of-life (EOL). While some models of care have been identified to help with this, there continues to be significant difficulties in access to health and social care in rural and remote areas. It is important we build on this research to understand more broadly the models of support for those living in remote and rural communities at the EOL.