Abstract
Immunotherapy is emerging as a new and promising treatment for a great variety of tumors, including nonmelanoma skin cancer. Checkpoint inhibitors —antibodies that block proteins that regulate the immune system— mainly target the surface protein CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4) and the PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein 1/PD-ligand 1) axis. We review the CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways and current evidence supporting checkpoint inhibitor therapy in the main types of nonmelanoma skin cancer.
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