Abstract
It is becoming increasingly more important to provide a low-cost point-of-care diagnostic device with the ability to detect and monitor various biological and chemical compounds. Traditional laboratories can be time-consuming and very costly. Through the combination of well-established materials and fabrication methods, it is possible to produce devices that meet the needs of many patients, healthcare and medical professionals, and environmental specialists. Existing research has demonstrated that inkjet-printed and paper-based electrochemical sensors are suitable for this application due to advantages provided by the carefully selected materials and fabrication method. Inkjet printing provides a low cost fabrication method with incredible control over the material deposition process, while paper-based substrates enable pump-free microfluidic devices due to their natural wicking ability. Furthermore, electrochemical sensing is incredibly selective and provides accurate and repeatable quantitative results without expensive measurement equipment. By merging each of these favorable techniques and materials and continuing to innovate, the production of low-cost point-of-care sensors is certainly within reach.
Highlights
In a world where new technology is introduced regularly, innovation is critical to advancement.A multitude of motivations drive this constant innovation ranging from convenience to resource limitations
Using a unique form-factor, Wang et al demonstrated an ePAD for determination of betaa three-dimensional microfluidic device that can alter the fluid direction flow or electrical connection hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels which is a biomarker for diabetic ketoacidosis [23]
As demonstrated by these examples, inkjet printing is a simple but sophisticated fabrication method that is very well-suited towards paper-based sensors
Summary
In a world where new technology is introduced regularly, innovation is critical to advancement. The second path involves the utilization of existing technologies including readily available materials, well-defined processes, and established equipment By employing these existing solutions and applying them to a new field or application, both development costs and production costs can be reduced substantially. Considering the wide applications of microfluidics in point-of-care diagnostics, environmental analysis, and food processing, utilizing paper in microfluidic systems can overcome the limitations caused by conventional materials including glass, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and silicon Paper is both biocompatible and biodegradable, which opens the door for potentially disposable paper-based devices capable of chemical and biological sensing. Given the substantial growth in the fields of paper-based analytic devices and printed electronics, this review article is intended to focus on the key components of each field that support the fabrication of low-cost point-of-care sensors The collision of these two fields combines significant advantages and is paving the way towards inkjet-printed paper-based electrochemical devices for chemical and biological sensing. Applications of these devices include on-site patient diagnostics, water and air pollution monitoring, cancer screening, and much more
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