Injury Patterns and Factors Responsible in Fatal Motorcyclist’s Road Traffic Accidents: A Forensic Perspective

Abstract

Road traffic accidents are the major cause of premature death and disability all over the world and motorized two-wheelers accidents account for the majority of such cases particularly in developing countries like India. The aim of the present study is to analyze the pattern of injuries with a focus on head injuries and the environmental factors leading to events. Methodology:A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine at Osmania General Hospital, Afzalgunj Hyderabad during the period January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2018. Results: Abigmajorityofvictimsconstituteaworkingandeconomicallyproductiveage group of 20-40yrs with male predominance (72.46%). Most accidents (22.6%) occurred during 6-9 pm. Hit by other vehicles (44%) followed by self-skid (32%), and hitting the barriers, or stoppers, sudden interruption by animals and pedestrians, the influence of alcoholallconstitutetheremaining.Aboutnearly87%ofinjuriesaremultipleandhead injuries. Skull fractures were seen in the majority with Sub dural Haemorrhage (47.1%) and Sub arachnoid Haemorrhage (43.6%) which lead to death. Conclusions: The involvement of economically productive males was a major concern. Major responsible factors are nighttime driving, road conditions, barriers, sudden interruption by animals, pedestrians, and the influence of alcohol. Injuries were highly frequent in Head and neck region followed by extremities. There is a need to emphasize on use of helmets and improvement in road conditions and safety measures.