Abstract
Sport training involves repeated bouts of exercise and high volume of physically demanding practice sessions and competitive games, which may lead to decline on performance, oxidative stress, and inflammation (Margonis K. et. al., 2007, Finaud J. et. al., 2006) Handball is considered a demanding exercise mode that places important stress on a players aerobic metabolism. In addition, handball game involves a large number of anaerobic actions such as bodycontact, repeated accelerations, sprints, jumps, throwing, blocking, pushing, and rapid changes in moving directions (Ronglan L.T. et. al., 2006, Gorostiaga E.M. et. al., 2006). Studies in elite handball players have focused only on performance parameters like maximal muscle strength, sprint time, and jump height in response to a tournament (Ronglan L.T. et. al., 2006). During a competitive handball season, the demand for playing two games per week elevates the stress imposed to the athletes, thereby increasing the injury risk and performance decline due to fatigue and muscle damage. Most prevalent injuries in handball is today, without any doubt, an extremely traumatic sport and it will be getting even more so with reference to the increase of strength, speed, and rhythm of the game. Numerous injuries which occur during the training process and games do not differ greatly with reference to age and sex (Wedderkopp N. et. al., 1997, Junge A. et. al., 2004).
Highlights
Competitive team handball is an intermittent high intensity body-contact team sport that requires a combination of aerobic and anaerobic fitness to perform a sequence of well-coordinated activities (Buchheit M. et al, 2009; Buchheit M. et al, 2009; Rannou F. et al, 2001, Souhail H. et al, 2010)
A handball match involves a large number of repeated accelerations, sprints, jumps, blocking, pushing and rapid changes in moving directions, i.e. side cutting ( Gorostiaga E.M. et al, 2006; Ronglan L.T. et al, 2006)
In reviewing the literature on sports injuries, we found only a few studies in which exposurerelated incidences of injury in different types of sport were compared using the same methods (Backx F.J. et al, 1991; De Loes M., 1995; De Loes M., Goldie I. 1988; Junge A. et al, 2004; Nicholl J.P et al, 1995; Yde J. et al, 1990)
Summary
Competitive team handball is an intermittent high intensity body-contact team sport that requires a combination of aerobic and anaerobic fitness to perform a sequence of well-coordinated activities (Buchheit M. et al, 2009; Buchheit M. et al, 2009; Rannou F. et al, 2001, Souhail H. et al, 2010). Many tasks during the handball game, like pushes, blockes, trows and hits, require high levels of strength and power in lower (Izquierdo M. et al, 2002, Rannou F. et al, 2001) and in upper body segments. Anthropometric characteristics and muscle strength and power are the most important factors for successful participation in elite levels of handball leagues (Gorostiaga E.M et al, 2005; Rannou F. et al, 2001) the importance of aerobic capacity should not be underestimated
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