Abstract
Previously, we developed a novel, needle-free waterjet (WJ) technology capable of injecting viable cells by visual guided cystoscopy in the urethral sphincter. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of WJ technology on cell viability, surface markers, differentiation and attachment capabilities, and biomechanical features. Porcine adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (pADSCs) were isolated, expanded, and injected by WJ technology. Cell attachment assays were employed to investigate cell–matrix interactions. Cell surface molecules were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cells injected by Williams Needle (WN), normal cannula, or not injected cells served as controls. Biomechanical properties were assessed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). pADSCs injected by the WJ were viable (85.9%), proliferated well, and maintained their in vitro adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capacities. The attachment of pADSCs was not affected by WJ injection and no major changes were noted for cell surface markers. AFM measurements yielded a significant reduction of cellular stiffness after WJ injections (p < 0.001). WJ cell delivery satisfies several key considerations required in a clinical context, including the fast, simple, and reproducible delivery of viable cells. However, the optimization of the WJ device may be necessary to further reduce the effects on the biomechanical properties of cells.
Highlights
Unlabeled Porcine adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (pADSCs) were injected in capture medium by WJ using the E60-10 settings, Williams Needle (WN), or a G22 cannula for controls (Figure 1A)
The yield of cells recovered after WJ injections was somewhat lower when compared to injections by a G22 cannula or WN needle (Figure S1)
After WJ injection, recovered pADSCs were expanded for one week and differences in their morphology (Figure 1B,C) or duplication rate were not observed
Summary
We developed a novel, needle-free waterjet (WJ) technology capable of injecting viable cells by visual guided cystoscopy in the urethral sphincter. We aimed to investigate the effect of WJ technology on cell viability, surface markers, differentiation and attachment capabilities, and biomechanical features. The attachment of pADSCs was not affected by WJ injection and no major changes were noted for cell surface markers. SUI in women is associated with mechanical load to the lower pelvic floor during pregnancy or vaginal delivery In men, it is associated with prostate cancer surgery. Even though the current state-of-the-art regimen can ameliorate the sequela of UI, they do not address the main cause—the malfunction of the sphincter complex In this framework, regenerative medicine approaches have emerged as an exciting new tool to improve or restore the published maps and institutional affiliations.
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