Injectable antibacterial conductive nanocomposite cryogels with rapid shape recovery for noncompressible hemorrhage and wound healing

Xin Zhao,Yongping Liang,Baolin Guo,Peter X Ma,Hao Wu

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04998-9

Abstract

Developing injectable antibacterial and conductive shape memory hemostatic with high blood absorption and fast recovery for irregularly shaped and noncompressible hemorrhage remains a challenge. Here we report injectable antibacterial conductive cryogels based on carbon nanotube (CNT) and glycidyl methacrylate functionalized quaternized chitosan for lethal noncompressible hemorrhage hemostasis and wound healing. These cryogels present robust mechanical strength, rapid blood-triggered shape recovery and absorption speed, and high blood uptake capacity. Moreover, cryogels show better blood-clotting ability, higher blood cell and platelet adhesion and activation than gelatin sponge and gauze. Cryogel with 4 mg/mL CNT (QCSG/CNT4) shows better hemostatic capability than gauze and gelatin hemostatic sponge in mouse-liver injury model and mouse-tail amputation model, and better wound healing performance than Tegaderm™ film. Importantly, QCSG/CNT4 presents excellent hemostatic performance in rabbit liver defect lethal noncompressible hemorrhage model and even better hemostatic ability than Combat Gauze in standardized circular liver bleeding model.

Highlights

Developing injectable antibacterial and conductive shape memory hemostatic with high blood absorption and fast recovery for irregularly shaped and noncompressible hemorrhage remains a challenge
We aim to develop injectable antibacterial and conductive nanocomposite cryogels based on carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) functionalized quaternized chitosan (QCSG) with robust mechanical property, rapid blood-triggered shape recovery, rapid blood absorption speed, excellent NIR stimuli-responsivity, and we further demonstrate their great potential for in vivo lethal noncompressible hemorrhage hemostasis and wound healing applications
We prepared a series of CNT-reinforced antibacterial and conductive nanocomposite cryogels with rapid blood-triggered shape recovery and excellent NIR stimuli-responsivity as injectable shape memory hemostatic dressings based on QCSG and CNT (Fig. 1)

Summary

Introduction

Developing injectable antibacterial and conductive shape memory hemostatic with high blood absorption and fast recovery for irregularly shaped and noncompressible hemorrhage remains a challenge. We report injectable antibacterial conductive cryogels based on carbon nanotube (CNT) and glycidyl methacrylate functionalized quaternized chitosan for lethal noncompressible hemorrhage hemostasis and wound healing These cryogels present robust mechanical strength, rapid blood-triggered shape recovery and absorption speed, and high blood uptake capacity. The current hemostatic agents including cyanoacrylates, glutaraldehyde cross-linked albumin[2], zeolite-based QuickClot[3], fibrin based bandages or gelatin-based hemostatic agents[4,5] have been proven to be highly effective in stopping the hemorrhage, they are often ineffective for deep wounds incurred by small-caliber firearms, improvised explosive devices in battlefield and everyday life[6], which are irregularly shaped and noncompressible[7]. Developing multifunctional CNT-reinforced QCS based shape memory cryogel hemostatic dressing to stop the hemorrhage of deep noncompressible wounds is highly desirable in this field

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Conclusion