Abstract
Background: The Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport-36) is a self-report measure intended to monitor the recovery-stress balance in athletes. A validated Italian version of this instrument was not available so far. Objective: The aim of this study was to provide an initial validation in Italian language of the RESTQ-Sport-36. Methods: A sample of Italian athletes (N = 339; women = 148; men = 191) from various sports completed the RESTQ-Sport-36 and the Italian Mood Scale (ITAMS). We examined the factorial validity and the internal consistency of the RESTQ-Sport-36 and its concurrent validity with the ITAMS. Results: A confirmatory factor analysis supported a 12-factor structure after the removal of 3 items. Reliability analysis showed a satisfactory internal consistency of the 33-item Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport-33). Pearson correlation coefficients revealed that the RESTQ-Sport-33 and ITAMS share some common variance but measure different constructs. Conclusion: Our results provided support to the factorial validity and reliability of the RESTQ-Sport-33. This instrument can be used to reliably monitor recovery-stress balance of Italian athletes throughout the season.
Highlights
Athlete monitoring is an increasingly scientific approach that modern sport is adopting to athletic preparation [1]
confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indices of hierarchical models did not reach cut off criterion values
From the original version of the instrument, which includes 36 items [8], the Italian version comprised 33 items loading into 12 correlated latent factors
Summary
Athlete monitoring is an increasingly scientific approach that modern sport is adopting to athletic preparation [1]. This approach consists of carefully monitoring and managing stress and recovery of athletes to improve and/or optimize their performance and avoid underperformance, injury, or illness [1 3]. Athlete self-report measures are gaining increasing attention. Recovery-stress balance monitoring represents a prominent factor for athletes’ health and deserves increased attention [2, 9, 15]. The Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport-36) is a self-report measure intended to monitor the recovery-stress balance in athletes. A validated Italian version of this instrument was not available so far
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