Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a metabolic emergency characterized by hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and acute renal failure. This potentially fatal syndrome is most often seen after anti-cancer treatment of extensive, rapidly proliferating, and treatment-sensitive tumors such as aggressive lymphomas and acute leukemias. The pathophysiologic mechanism of TLS is thought to be rapid tumor necrosis leading to the release of intracellular ions and metabolic products into the bloodstream.
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