Initial production and fruit quality of scion-rootstock combinations in orange trees in Amazonas

Jefferson Costa Santos,Cláudio Luiz Leone Azevedo,Ajax De Souza Ferreira,Silvana Pimentel De Oliveira,José Eduardo Borges De Carvalho,José Ferreira Da Silva

doi:10.1590/0100-29452021156

Jefferson Costa Santos, Cláudio Luiz Leone Azevedo + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452021156

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Abstract

Abstract The cultivation of orange trees in Amazonas, Brazil relies predominantly on grafted plants combining ‘Pera’ scion and ‘Rangpur’ lime rootstock. Alternative rootstocks better adapted to the conditions of the region have not been investigated. Therefore, the objective of this research was to test seven rootstocks for the production of high-quality oranges under the typical conditions of the Amazon. Citrus production was evaluated from May to August between 2017 and 2019, based on the variables of cumulative yield, yield efficiency, and crop-yield index over the study period. The fruit physicochemical quality was evaluated by quantification of total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ratio, juice percentage, and technological index. ‘Indio,’ ‘BRS Bravo’, and ‘Riverside’ genotypes combined with ‘Pera’/CNPMF scion had the highest yield and good fruit quality. They are potentially the most suitable combinations to grow sweet oranges in the Amazon.

Highlights

In Brazil, citrus production is distributed across all regions, with a higher prevalence in the southeast
In northern Brazil, citrus farming has grown in recent years, especially in the Amazonas and Pará states, which had the largest share of orange production in the region between 2017 and 2019 (IBGE, 2019)
From 2015 to 2019, Amazonas produced an average of 20,032.60 kg.ha-1 oranges per year, reaching productivity levels similar to Minas Gerais, the state with the secondhighest orange production, averaging 23,510.08 kg.ha-1 (SIQUEIRA; SALOMÃO, 2017)

Summary

Introduction

In Brazil, citrus production is distributed across all regions, with a higher prevalence in the southeast. In northern Brazil, citrus farming has grown in recent years, especially in the Amazonas and Pará states, which had the largest share of orange production in the region between 2017 and 2019 (IBGE, 2019). Citrus production in Amazonas increased from 55,837 to 71,830 tons between 2015 and 2017. In 2019, citrus production in Amazonas was approximately 66,756 tons (IBGE, 2019); 5,074 tons fewer than in 2017, but 10,919 tons more than in 2015. From 2015 to 2019, Amazonas produced an average of 20,032.60 kg.ha-1 oranges per year, reaching productivity levels similar to Minas Gerais, the state with the secondhighest orange production, averaging 23,510.08 kg.ha-1 (SIQUEIRA; SALOMÃO, 2017). Amazonas is a promising citrus producer, adapted scions and rootstocks are needed to increase fruit productivity and quality in the region

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