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Abstract
Objective: To determine the initial mechanical stabilization of conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs) indicated for the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) in different storage periods. Material and Methods: Specimens were divided according to the GIC (n=12): IZ - Ion-Z, KM - Ketac Molar Easymix, RS - Riva Self Cure, and GL - Gold Label 9. They were prepared and stored in distilled water. Superficial microhardness (SMH) was evaluated (KHN) in three phases: (A) after 1, (B) 3, and (C) 7 days of storage. Data were submitted to 2-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 5%). Results: The average KHN values for phases A, B, and C were, respectively, 33.05 ± 9.74; 33.21 ± 10.31 and 52.07 ± 11.75 (IZ); 50.35 ± 11.39; 66.05 ± 10.48 and 67.77 ± 13.80 (KM); 89.63 ± 15.59; 71.31 ± 23.86 and 57.70 ± 16.89 (RS); 42.18 ± 9.03; 68.54 ± 6.83 and 57.95 ± 8.24 (GL). Significant differences were observed: GIC, time, and interaction of both (p<0.05). KHN values differed between the groups, except in the GIC parameter for KM and GL. The time parameter values of phase A were lower than those of B and C, except for IZ and RS. Conclusion: The initial mechanical stabilization differed between the types of GIC tested and the storage time, and after the final period, all had similar SMH.
Highlights
Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) is a minimally invasive technique, allowing for the maintenance of a sound dental structure through the selective removal of caries with manual instruments
The Tukey post-test found that the Knoop microhardness (KHN) values differed between the groups, except for in the Ketac Molar and Gold Label 9 glass ionomer cement (GIC)
Dental caries still has a large impact on children's health; ART is considered a strategy based on health promotion that promotes an improvement in quality of life, using GIC materials that allow adherence to dental structures and the release of fluorides
Summary
Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) is a minimally invasive technique, allowing for the maintenance of a sound dental structure through the selective removal of caries (softened dentine) with manual instruments It allows for the immediate restoration of cavity preparation, involving glass ionomer cement (GIC) of high viscosity, which takes advantage of its physical-chemical characteristics, manual handling, adhesive capacity, and fluoride release power that acts as an antibacterial agent [1,2]. This treatment modality reduces the number of pulp exposures, which reduces the number of endodontics and extractions, leading to less stress and anxiety for the patient since it rarely causes pain. A seal of this cement is indicated right after its insertion in the oral environment, which is extremely humid, which can be carried out with cavity varnish, dental adhesives, Vaseline, or even colorless nail polish [7]
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