Abstract

For a first characterization, we used the two KETEK-PM3325-WB SiPMs each equipped with a 3x3x5 mm${}^3$ LYSO scintillation crystal provided with the PETsys TOFPET2 ASIC Evaluation Kit. We changed the lower of two discriminator thresholds (D_T1) in the timing branch from vth_t1 = 5 - 30. The overvoltage was varied in a range of 1.25 V - 7.25 V. The ambient temperature was kept at 16{\deg}C. For all measurements, we performed an energy calibration including a correction for saturation. We evaluated the energy resolution, the coincidence resolving time (CRT) and the coincidence rate. At an overvoltage of 6 V, we obtained an energy resolution of about 10% FWHM, a CRT of approximately 210 ps FWHM and 400 ps FWTM, the coincidence rate showed only small variations of about 5%. To investigate the influence of the ambient temperature, it was varied between 12{\deg}C - 20{\deg}C. At 12{\deg}C and an overvoltage of 6.5 V, a CRT of approx. 195 ps FWHM and an energy resolution of about 9.5% FWHM could be measured. Observed satellite peaks in the time difference spectra were investigated in more detail. We could show that the location of the satellite peaks is correlated with a programmable delay element in the trigger circuit.

Highlights

  • P OSITRON emission tomography (PET) is an imaging technique based on the annihilation of a positron with an electron and the resulting emission of two 511 keV gamma photons in opposite directions

  • The energy resolution for coincident events [Fig. 4(c)] for the 511 keV photopeak improved from the lowest values of VOV up to VOV = 3.50 V

  • The results obtained with small LYSO crystals, read out by a KETEK PM3325-WB-A0 silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) each coupled to a single input channel of a TOFPET2 application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), obtained in this paper are in agreement with the previously published results by PETsys [21], [49]

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Summary

Introduction

P OSITRON emission tomography (PET) is an imaging technique based on the annihilation of a positron with an electron and the resulting emission of two 511 keV gamma photons in opposite directions. Tracers— biologically active molecules labeled with positron-emitting radionuclides—are injected into the body. The emitted gamma photons have to be detected in coincidence by a PET scanner. One assumes that the line connecting the locations of the two gamma interactions with the PET detector [line of Manuscript received August 15, 2018; revised October 25, 2018 and November 28, 2018; accepted November 29, 2018. Date of publication December 3, 2018; date of current version July 1, 2019.

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