Abstract
El presente artículo de investigación expone una posible aplicación de la goma de nopal (Opuntia ficus) como aditivo para favorecer la durabilidad de los adobes y que puedan emplearse en la conservación del patrimonio arquitectónico. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el laboratorio en especímenes cúbicos de tierra. Durante la preparación de las mezclas se adicionaron distintas concentraciones de goma de nopal previamente deshidratada y pulverizada. Mediante análisis de retención de humedad, capilaridad y resistencia a la compresión se evaluaron las muestras; los resultados demuestran que la adición de goma de nopal incrementa la resistencia a la compresión y reduce la capilaridad de los especímenes estudiados: de hecho, se logró mantener la cohesión de las partículas en los especímenes durante su exposición a medios húmedos. Haber obtenido tal comportamiento en las propiedades de dichos especímenes hace viable esta sustancia para su utilización en la conservación de edificaciones de adobe. _______ This research article exposes a possible application of the nopal gum (Opuntia ficus) variety as an additive to promote the durability of adobes, which may be used in the conservation of architectural heritage. This research was carried out in the Laboratory on Cubic Soil Specimens. While preparing the mixtures, different concentrations of previously dehydrated and powdered nopal gum were added. Through moisture retention, capillarity and compressive strength analysis, the samples were evaluated, and the results found—also discussed here—show that adding nopal gum increases the compression strength of soil specimens and reduces capillarity. In fact, it was possible to maintain the cohesion of the particles in the soil samples during their exposure to humid environments. Having obtained such aptitude in the properties of said specimens makes this substance viable for its use in the conservation of adobe buildings.
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