Abstract
Ti2NiCu exhibits outstanding properties, such as superelasticity. Recently, its functional properties were also demonstrated on the nanoscale, a fact that makes it the preferred choice for numerous applications. Its properties strongly depend on the manufacturing route. In this work, phase analysis, inhomogeneity, and texture of melt-spun Ti2NiCu ribbons were investigated using X-ray diffraction. Initially, the ribbons are amorphous. Passing an electric current result in controlled crystallization. Ribbons with 0%, 60%, and 96% crystallinity were studied. Both B2 austenite and B19 martensite phases were observed. Using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, the inhomogeneity across the thickness was investigated and found to be substantial. At the free surface, a small presence of titanium dioxide may be present. Pole figures of 60% and 96% crystallinity revealed mostly strong fiber <100>B2 texture in the thickness direction. These observations may be inferred from the manufacturing route. This texture is beneficial. The inhomogeneity across the thickness has to be considered when designing devices.
Highlights
NiTiCu alloys demonstrate excellent properties, such as elastocaloric effect [1], shape-memory effect [2], and superelasticity [3]
In previous works [21,22], we have demonstrated their good two-way shape-memory behavior, which led to their application in nanotweezers, based on a composite of Ti2 NiCu with a thin elastic layer of Pt deposited on it [21,22]
It is interesting to note that the crystallographic texture present in R60 and R96 ribbons was very in a furnace [28], and not by the passing pulses of electric current like the ribbons in the current similar to that observed in pole figures of Ti50Ni25Cu25 melt-spun ribbons that were heat-treated in a study
Summary
NiTiCu alloys demonstrate excellent properties, such as elastocaloric effect [1], shape-memory effect [2], and superelasticity [3]. Materials 2020, 13, 4606 with the cold drum while the other is exposed to ambient conditions [17] As a result, these two sides and the thickness of the ribbon experience different cooling rates and environments, and these, in turn, affect the structure and properties of the alloy on each side, as well as across the thickness of the ribbon. Ni51 Ti49 alloy showed a strong presence of fiber texture along B2 in the thickness direction of the ribbon, which increased the shape-memory effect and narrowed the phase transformation temperature range [18]. As the shape-memory and the superelastic properties of NiTiCu alloy critically depend on the crystalline structure present [19], it is important to study their nature and transformation. In previous works [21,22], we have demonstrated their good two-way shape-memory behavior, which led to their application in nanotweezers, based on a composite of Ti2 NiCu with a thin elastic layer of Pt deposited on it [21,22]
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