Inhibitory Potency of Indonesian Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav) Crude Extract Against α-Glucosidase Enzyme Activity

Abstract

The aims of the research were to determine the inhibitory potency of the Indonesian Tamarillo crude extracts against the α-glucosidase activity and identify their major anthocyanin and carotenoid content using LC-MS. In vitroassay was used to treat Tamarillo crude extracts which consisted of four levels: (1) Acarbose, positive control; (2) Tamarillo anthocyanin crude extract; (3) Tamarillo carotenoid crude extract; and (4) combination of Tamarillo anthocyanin crude extract and Tamarillo carotenoid crude extract. The results showed that the three crude extracts:the Tamarillo anthocyanin crude extract, the Tamarillo carotenoid crude extract and combination of Tamarillo anthocyanin and carotenoid crude extract could inhibit α-glucosidase activity in 30.59%, 42.14% and 48.08% respectively. All of the Tamarillo crude extract inhibited mixed inhibition (noncompetitive and competitive inhibitor). Identification of the Tamarillo anthocyanin crude extracts showed six major compounds of anthocyanin type and four major compounds of carotenoid type. Threemajor anthocyanins type (pelargonidin-3-rutinoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside and delphinidin-3-rutinoside) and three major carotenoids type (β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin)werea tentative component of Tamarillo which is thought to play a role in inhibitingα-glucosidaseenzyme activity. Tamarillo extract can be alternative to prevent the development of postprandial hyperglycemic in type 2 diabetes.